carpenter



2 SheetsSheet l."

' (No Model.)

D. H. CARPENTER.

PLOW.

Patented Apr. 24:, 1888.

WITNESSES 06 @W A; Attorney.

N PETERS, PhukvLilhognphur. Washington, D. c.

2 Sheets8heet 2.

(No Model.)

1). H. CARPENTER.

PLOW.

No. 381,529. Patented Apr. 24, 1888.

INVENTOR W QJZ IW M dttorney UNITED STATES DANIEL I-I. CARPENTER,

PATENT @rrrcn.

OF ORLANDO, FLORIDA.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381,529, dated April24, 1888.

Application filed January :3, 1888. Serial No. 261,660. No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL H. CARPENTER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Orlando, in the county of Orange and State of Florida, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Flows, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of this invention is to regulate the depth of the plow withfacility, clear or cut away stubble, govern the draft, and, asanincident of the construction, dispense with the ordinary plow-handles.

The invention consists in a depth-gage readily adjustable withoutstopping the plow or lifting it from the furrow, a knife-colter arrangedto have a draw-cut, and used in conjunction with the depth-gage wheel orshoe or not, as desired, not only to open the sod, but also to cut thestubble, and a clevis constructed with auniversal joint, and adjustablevertically and laterally, clamped to the plowbeam by a yoke.

The invention consists, further, in the details ofeonstruction,combination,and arrange ment of parts, substantially as I will proceednow to particularly set forth and claim.

In the accompanying drawings, in the several figures of which like partsare similarly designated, Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a topplan view, of the preferred form of my plow. Fig. 3 is a verticalsectional front view,on a larger scale,of the clevis; Fig. 4, a sideelevation with the clevis-arm broken in two to accommodate thedra\ving-sheet,and having its whiffletree-receivin g end in section.Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the clampingyolre. Fig. 6 is averticalsection of the elevis. Fig. 7 is a side view of a drag-colter, and Fig.8a perspective view of the same on a larger scale. Fig. 9 is aperspective view of another form of drag-colter.

The plow a may be of any approved construct-ion. I prefer to employ acurved beam, 1), cast of soft steel or malleable metal in the form of anH-bar for strength and economy, the standard being integral with thebeam. The depth-gage consists of a wheel, a, pivoted to the end of alever,d,which is,by preference, made with an I... for this purpose. Thislever is pivoted at e to the plow-beam, so as to bal ance the plow onthe depth-gage when it is arranged perpendicularly, as indicated indotted lines, Fig. l, to admit of the raising of the plow out of thefurrow and turning it without stopping the team, and also adapt thedepthgage wheel as a trundlingwheel for running the plow to or off thefield. The lever d terminates in a handle, f, arranged at an obtuseangle, by which said lever may be readily operated. A toothed rack-bar,g, describing an arc of a circle from the pivot c as a center, isprojected from the straight portion of the beam to its curved heelalongside the lever d, and a spring belt or dog, h, cooperates with thisrack-bar, and is operated by ahand-piece, i,arranged on the handlef, tohold the depthgage in any position in which it may be desirable to placeit. The raclcbar may be attached to or cast with the beam, and thislatter construction I prefer.

The parts just described are arranged upon that side of the plow onwhich the laudside comes.

A bracket, j, projects from the lower portion of the lever d downwardly.A piece of steel, k, brought to an edge on its lower edge, and ofsubstantially the shape shown in Fig. 1, is secured to the pivot of thewheel a, and is then rigidly bolted to the bracket j, and is adjustableupon suchbracket to vary its proj ection below the depth-gage to suitthe altitude of the depth-gage and the work to be done by the colter. Ihave shown a series of boltholes in said part it, whereby in connectionwith the bolt such adjustment may be effected, though a slot may besubstituted for the individual holes. As will presently ap pear, thepart it serves as a colter and stubble-cutter, and is referred to undersuch titles herein.

In this connection I desire to state that the depth-gage wheel, whilesubscrving its functions as such, in addition,when conjoined with thecolterk, serves to turn down weeds and stubble and hold them in positionto be cut by the colter. The colter by its arrangement has a dragcut,and thus most efficiently clears the way for the entrance into the earthof the plow-point.

The description of the modifications oi the colter shown in Figs. 7, 8,and 9 of the ann'exed drawings will appear farther on in thisspecification.

The clevis, designated in a general way by the letter A, is composed ofan arm, 1, terminating at one end in a seat, m, for the whiffletree,which has a bolt-hole, m, for the reception of a king-bolt or pin forattaching the whiffietree, and provided at itsother end with a solid orhollow spherical knob, n. A box, B, for receiving this knob, is composedof two sections, 0 o, substantially alike,and each section has in it arecess described on an arc of a circle, so that the said sections,whentheir recessed surfaces are applied to the knob n of the arm Z, willtruly fit said knob. One of these sections is adapted to fit theplow-beam, and when applied thereto, as in Figs. 1 to 6, the box willrest firmly on the beam. The box, withthe knob therein, is secured tothe beam by a yoke, 10, composed of four parallel legs arranged in pairsand united at their lower ends by cross-bars p. This yoke straddles thebox B, and its lower ends project below the beam. One leg of each pairon the same side is longer than the others, so that the yoke projectsfarther below the beam on one side than on the other, to thereby adaptthe yoke to receive a wedge, q, driven therein transversely of the beamto draw the yoke tightly about the box, and thereby firmly clamp theknob in the box against movement, and also at the same time clamp andsecure the clevis to the beam. By loosening the wedge the knob may beturned in any direction within the box in order to govern the draft ofthe team. In furtherance of this same object, the tip of the beam may bemade at an angle, so as to throw up normally the clevis, as shown inFig. 1, and to project forward the width-gage O.

The sections 0 and o of the box B may be grooved to receive the yoke,(see Figs. 3 and 6,) and are preferably provided with end flanges, 0 0respectively, to prevent the yoke from slipping off the box, or, inother words, preclude the box from being pulled out of the yoke.

The clevis thus constructed is in operation and effect a universaljoint, and thus it is capable of being set at any possible positionneeded in plowing.

The width-gage is a wheel, r, journaled to one end of a bracket, 1",whose other end is slipped through the yoke 10, rests upon thecross-bars p p, and is held in place by the wedge g. This width-gageextends out from the mold-board side of the plow, and runs against thelandside of the last-formed furrow to properly space the furrows andsecure their parallelism.

Instead of making one side of the yoke longer than the other in order torender available a wedge having only one side beveled that is to say,one which is a right-angled triangle in outline-the under side of thebeam might be beveled and the sides of the yoke made of the same length,or the yoke might have sides of unequal length and the beam be beveledand a wedge employed, which in outline would be an isoscelestriangle-that is to say, beveled on both sides. Ordinarily theconstruction of yoke and wedge first described and as most clearly-shownin Fig. 3 will be preferred.

The clevis-arm Z may be made as a cross in cross-section for purposes oflightness, economy of metal, and bracing, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 6,or it may be round, as in Fig. 3. The advantages of angle shapes,particularly in castings, are well known, and need no further statementto show why I prefer them. The clevis being rigid, the whifiletree isheld up, cannot drop and wabble, and thus is retained in the desiredposition and at the right elevation, thereby making sure the line ofdraft of the team. The plow thus constructed with the depth-gageon oneside and the widthgage on the other, and having a rigid connection ofthe whiffletree, and the whiffletree, as just stated, maintained at thedesired elevation, possesses practically all the elements of awheel-plow, and so obviates the necessity of plow-handles. Theleverhandlefin an emergency may be utilized as a substitute forplowhandles. I have practically demonstrated the efficiency of the plowin this respect, and while I claim the plow without handles I do not exclude the use of handles in connection there'- with, as these may haveto be supplied at the purchasers desire.

With respect to the drag-colter, I desire to say that it is within myinvention to use it in conjunction with the depth-gage or not, and on aplow of my construction or not, and therefore, so far as this colter isconcerned, I lay claim to it in the form heretofore and as hereinafterset forth; and with this statement I will proceed to describe thecolters shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.

I prefer to construct the colter shank or bracket 8 of a piece ofspring-steel about two inches wide and one-eighth of an inch thick,curved substantially to the shape show-n, and ,clamped by an ordinaryyoke or clip, t, to the beam. The free end of this spring has a lip, 8,turned up at right angles to it and provided with bolt-holes whereby thesheet-steel colter la is adj ustably attached thereto. The colter may bemade reversible also, so that should its cutting-edge be dulled orfouled in the field it may be turned upside down to present the freshedge without stopping to sharpen the dulled one. The shank, being bentlow, will turn down the grass and stubble and hold them firmly to thecolter to be cut thereby.

As shown in Fig. 9, the steel shank s itselfmay have a portion of itsfree end twisted up at right angles and sharpened to form the colter 1c.The twist in the shank will materially assist in turningunder the grassand stubble to the knife. Either of these colters may be connected tothe beam, as by a chain, u, to regulate the descent of the colter.

It is true of all the several forms of colters herein specified thatthey cut the grass or stubble and sod by a draw-cut in the direction ofthe draft of the plow, and not in opposition to it, as heretoforecommon.

It will be observed that in all the forms shown of my drag-colter theeffective cuttingedge thereof is hung very close to the earth, and isapproximately horizontal or at aslight acute angle to the plane of theearth, and this arrangement gives to my colter its efficiency andsuperiority over other forms of colters to me known, for it will beperceived that it is impossible for the grass or stubble to escape uncutfrom it. The drag-colter might be used in conjunction with a shoe forturning over and holding the stubble, 8m, and, again, it might haveawheel on each side of it. The drag-colter might also be combined withasta tionary or unadjustable wheel, which would serve mainly to turn andhold down the grass for the action of the colter. All thesemodifications I deem within my invention.

What I claim is- 1. The clevisA,having the capacity of movement of auniversaljoint, and composed of a draft arm, Z, a knob, a, on one end ofsaid arm, and a box, B, for receiving the knob on said arm, and a yoke,19, and wedge q, for securing the arm and box together and in positionfor use, substantially as described.

as described.

4. A drag-colter hung low from the beam with its effective cutting-edgein proximity to the earth, and approximately horizontal or at a slightacute angle to the earth, combined with a wheel, or its describedequivalent, to turn over and hold down the stubble or grass for theaction of the colter, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day ofJanuary, A. D. 1888.

DANIEL H. GARPESTER.

Witnesses:

R. T. WAY, FRED CURTIS.

